Repeat Photography

Methods and Applications in the Natural Sciences

Author: Robert H. Webb

Publisher: Island Press

ISBN: 9781610910064

Category: Science

Page: 392

View: 5032

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First developed in the 1880s as a way to monitor glaciers in Europe, repeat photography —the practice of taking photographs at different points in times from the same physical vantage point—remains an essential and cost-effective technique for scientists and researchers working to track and study landscape change. This volume explores the technical and geographic scope of this important technique, focusing particularly on the intertwined influences of climatic variation and land-use practices in sculpting landscapes. Contributors offer a broad-perspective review of the state-of-the-art of repeat photography, withtwenty-three chapters written by researchers around the globe who have made use of repeat photography in their work. Topics addressed include • the history of repeat photography • techniques for creating and analyzing repeat photographs • applications in the geosciences • applications in population ecology • applications in ecosystem change • cultural applications Repeat Photography demonstrates the wide range of potential applications, examines new techniques for acquiring data from repeat photography, and clearly shows that repeat photography remains a valuable and efficient means of monitoring change in both developed and developing regions. Overone hundredsets of photographs, includingthirty-twopages of color photos, serve as examples. Recent concerns about climate change and its effects on natural landscapes, combined with ongoing concerns about land-use practices, make this state-of-the-art review a timely contribution to the literature.
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The Iron Age in Northern Britain

Celts and Romans, Natives and Invaders

Author: D.W. Harding

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 113441787X

Category: Social Science

Page: 368

View: 7920

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The Iron Age in Northern Britain examines the impact of the Roman expansion northwards, and the native response to the Roman occupation on both sides of the frontiers. It traces the emergence of historically-recorded communities in the post-Roman period and looks at the clash of cultures between Celts and Romans, Picts and Scots. Northern Britain has too often been seen as peripheral to a 'core' located in south-eastern England. Unlike the Iron Age in southern Britain, the story of which can be conveniently terminated with the Roman conquest, the Iron Age in northern Britain has no such horizon to mark its end. The Roman presence in southern and eastern Scotland was militarily intermittent and left untouched large tracts of Atlantic Scotland for which there is a rich legacy of Iron Age settlement, continuing from the mid-first millennium BC to the period of Norse settlement in the late first millennium AD. Here D.W. Harding shows that northern Britain was not peripheral in the Iron Age: it simply belonged to an Atlantic European mainstream different from southern England and its immediate continental neighbours.
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People, Land and Time

An Historical Introduction to the Relations Between Landscape, Culture and Environment

Author: Brian Roberts,Peter Atkins,Ian Simmons

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 1134635117

Category: Science

Page: 304

View: 6254

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This major new text provides an introduction to the interaction of culture and society with the landscape and environment. It offers a broad-based view of this theme by drawing upon the varied traditions of landscape interpretation, from the traditional cultural geography of scholars such as Carl Sauer to the 'new' cultural geography which has emerged in the 1990s. The book comprises three major, interwoven strands. First, fundamental factors such as environmental change and population pressure are addressed in order to sketch the contextual variables of landscapes production. Second, the evolution of the humanised landscape is discussed in terms of processes such as clearing wood, the impact of agriculture, the creation of urban-industrial complexes, and is also treated in historical periods such as the pre-industrial, the modern and the post-modern. From this we can see the cultural and economic signatures of human societies at different times and places. Finally, examples of landscape types are selected in order to illustrate the ways in which landscape both represents and participates in social change. The authors use a wide range of source material, ranging from place-names and pollen diagrams to literature and heritage monuments. Superbly illustrated throughout, it is essential reading for first-year undergraduates studying historical geography, human geography, cultural geography or landscape history.
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The Agrarian History of England and Wales: Volume 5, 1640-1750, Part 1, Regional Farming Systems

Author: Joan Thirsk

Publisher: CUP Archive

ISBN: 9780521200769

Category: Business & Economics

Page: 512

View: 7151

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This is the first detailed study of English and Welsh agriculture and agricultural change in the period 1640 to 1750. It is the work of nineteen specialists, who have used original archives in local record offices throughout the kingdom, as well as central records. The volume examines the special economic and social circumstances of these years, and the changing price relationships of agricultural produce. It traces consequent changes in farm profits; the diversification of agriculture; the development of more regional specialisation and of horticulture; the emergence of agricultural policy that was both broader and yet looser in its objectives than before; the responses of landowners as estate managers and farmers; the elaboration of marketing facilities and of channels of communication for advertising new ways in farming. A richly illustrated account is given of building developments on farms, and in villages generally. An appendix contains annual and decennial price and wage indexes.
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The Agrarian History of England and Wales:

Author: Joan Thirsk

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

ISBN: 9780521200738

Category: Business & Economics

Page: 1128

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This 1988 volume examines the agrarian history of England and Wales from Edward the Confessor to the outbreak of the Black Death in 1348.
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A Social and Economic History of Medieval Europe

Author: Gerald A. Hodgett

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 1136583076

Category: Business & Economics

Page: 264

View: 5921

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This excellent and concise summary of the social and economic history of Europe in the Middle Ages examines the changing patterns and developments in agriculture, commerce, trade, industry and transport that took place during the millennium between the fall of the Roman Empire and the discovery of the New World. After outlining the trends in demography, prices, rent, and wages and in the patterns of settlement and cultivation, the author also summarizes the basic research done in the last twenty-five years in many aspects of the social and economic history of medieval Europe, citing French, German and Italian works as well as English. Significantly, this study surveys the present state of discussion on a number of on unresolved issues and controversies, and in some areas suggests common sense answers. Some of the problems of economic growth, or the lack of it, are looked at in the light of current theories in sociology and economic thought. This classic text, first published in 1972, makes a useful and interesting general introduction for students of medieval and economic history.
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Studies of Field Systems in the British Isles

Author: Alan R. H. Baker

Publisher: CUP Archive

ISBN: 9780521201216

Category: Agriculture

Page: 702

View: 636

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An enormous amount of research into British field systems has been undertaken by historical geographers, economic historians and others since H. L. Gray's classic work on English Field Systems was published. Detailed local studies have been legion, generalized explanations of the origins and functioning of field systems few but influential in promoting further studies. This book both synthesises and advances our knowledge of field systems in the British Isles. An introduction by the editors outlines the sources and methods of studies of field systems. There then follow twelve chapters concerned with specific areas within the British Isles. In their own conclusion, the editors consider the problems and perspectives of field system studies in the context of the British Isles as a whole. This chapter is an attempt at generalisation in historical geography, generalization in relation to both existing models of British field systems and putative problems which only further research can resolve.
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